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TSR Wiki > Study Help > Subjects and Revision > Revision Notes > Biology > Enzyme Quiz
Fill in the gaps in the sentences with these words:
| substrate
| pH
| protein
| control
| turnover
| active
| spiral
| globular
|
| soluble
| temperature
| key
| vitamins
| catalysts
| amino acids
| specific
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- Enzymes act as _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ which speed up metabolic reactions.
- They are a type of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ molecule which are polymers of smaller _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ joined into along chain. These chains coil into a _ _ _ _ _ _ and then fold up to produce a particular shape.
- Their activity depends upon their shape, which is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
- They are relatively fragile and _ _ _ _ _ _ _ in water.
- The shape can be destroyed by various factors, which include changes in _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _, _ _, solvents and metal ions.
- Each enzyme is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ to a particular reaction i.e. it will catalyse only one reaction . Enzymes are now named according to what they act on e.g. urease catalyses the hydrolysis (splitting) of urea but older names do not reflect this.
- One model of the way enzymes work is the Lock and _ _ _ Theory. The enzyme has a shape on it's surface, called the _ _ _ _ _ _ site, which fits the substrate molecule ( the one it acts on) . The substrate binds into this site, is held by a particular charge pattern, reacts and then leaves as the product(s).
- As the enzyme is not changed in each reaction it can act over and over again and a few enzyme molecules can catalyse many _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ molecules.
- The number of molecules that one enzyme can catalyse in a minute is called the _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ number. This can be from 15 to 36 million.
- Many enzymes need another molecule or metal ion, called a cofactor, to be present to work. Many _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ are cofactors to enzymes (and are called coenzymes).
- Amounts of enzymes are regulated in various ways so that reactions do not get out of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ e.g. by a gene turning off production, by other enzymes in feedback mechanisms and by hormones.
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